Timeline (Under construction)
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2013
EVENTS
The foundation of ATRIUM
The transnational ATRIUM Association was founded on 13 June 2013, with the aim of managing the ATRIUM Cultural Route and subsequently certified by the Council of Europe as the largest European itinerary.
The nine founding members are the Italian Municipalities of Forlì, Predappio, Forlimpopoli, Bertinoro and Cesenatico, the Bulgarian Municipality of Dimitrovgrad, the Bosnian Municipality of Doboj, the County of Iasi in Romania and the Municipality of Labin in Croatia.
The foundation of the Association was the result of the ATRIUM* project, financed by the European Territorial Cooperation programme South East Europe 2007/2013. During a three-year-long process, multiple outputs had been achieved:
- the mapping of the European built heritage left by authoritarian, dictatorial and totalitarian regimes of the 20th century
- the publication of a Manual of wise management and sustainable valorisation of such heritage
- the creation of a digital catalogue with documents, photographs and other material related to the mapped buildings.
As clearly indicated by the Statute of the Association:
"The Association's activity is inspired by the principle of the promotion of the values of democracy and cooperation between peoples as the foundation for peaceful and civil coexistence. In no case and in no way does the Association accept expressions and forms of historical revisionism, exculpation for authoritarian, dictatorial or totalitarian governments."
Within the framework of a transnational ATRIUM route, the purpose of the Association is to analyse, preserve and promote the tangible and intangible heritage related to the 20th century history and architecture left by authoritarian, dictatorial and totalitarian regimes in Europe.

Foundation of the ATRIUM Association (13 June 2013)
Photo: Sabatini (ATRIUM Archive)Festival del ‘900 - Festival of the 20th Century
Within the framework of the founding of the ATRIUM Association and European Cultural Route, on 13-15 June 2013, the first edition of the Festival del ‘900 (Festival of the 20th Century) is hosted in five Italian towns: Forli, Bertinoro, Castrocaro Terme-Terra del Sole, Forlimpopoli and Predappio. Delegations from various European towns and cities took part at the festival, which offered a multifaceted program of debates, conferences, exhibitions, theatre plays, concerts and guided tours.
Among the many initiatives, there is the first edition of the photographic exploration Totally Lost, a European photo contest created by the association Spazi Indecisi for ATRIUM and dedicated to the abandoned architectural heritage left by European totalitarian regimes of the 20th century. More than 3,000 photographs from all over Europe have been submitted and upon selection included in the exhibition “The architecture of totalitarian regimes between mass society, propaganda and the idea of modernity”. The exhibition has been organized in collaboration with the University of Bologna and brings together a variety of materials (panels, models, films, slides, drawings and written documents). These materials have been created by secondary school students of Forlì, with the help of university students of the Master in Interdisciplinary Research Studies on Eastern Europe. “Totalitarianism” is the exhibition’s main theme, which develops around three concepts: progress/future, democracy/propaganda and modernization/mass society.
Another exhibition is entitled Istant 900, organized by the Polaser Group in collaboration with Stabile 5 Laboratory for architecture, offering a reinterpretation of some monuments, sites and art works produced between the late 1920s and the early 1940s in Forlì by implementing them through the filter of an instant camera.
Another initiative worth mentioning is the research project “Dai Campi e dale Cucine” [ From fields and kitchen], focusing the food system in Forlì in the period 1920-1045, which has been carried out by Granai della Memoria (Slow Food Emilia-Romagna) and ATRIUM.
Not less noteworthy are a series of initiatives, such as the conference Architecture of Europe’s 20th century Totalitarian Regimes and Urban Management with the participation of experts from all over Europe, the theatre play The Decision based on the work diary of Brecht, which reflects on the totalitarian tension that permeates democratic societies, a series of concerts dedicated to: jazz, prohibited music during fascism, fascism, music in Italy in the 1920’s and ‘30s, songs of the Weimar Republik by Kurt Weil and Bertold Brecht, songs of protest, resistance and liberty, the screening of films from the 1930’s archived by Istituto Luce and commented, as well as guided tours of the architectural heritage of the Fascist period.
Other noteworthy events of the year 2013
- 1-3 September, Dimitrovgrad (BG): Atrium Pilot Event
- How to create an ATRIUM tourist product: Steps for a feasibility study“, realised by the University of Bologna, Advanced School of Tourism Science.
- Tirana (AL): Creation of the first 3-year doctoral course “Socialist Town”, in collaboration with the University of Florence and the Engineering School of Tirana.
PROJECTS
The Atrium Project
The ATRIUM start-off project was funded under the 2007-2013 South-East Transnational Cooperation Programme. The focus was on cultural heritage and memory associated with the European totalitarian regimes of the 20th century and their architectural legacy.
Objectives
Producing an application dossier to become a new European Cultural Itinerary on the architecture of the 20th century totalitarian regimes certified by the Council of Europe.
Outputs
- Survey on case studies
- Digital catalogue of ATRIUM heritage
- A Manual for Good Management and Reuse
- Design of the Itinerary
Incoming Members
Forlì, Labin, Bertinoro, Forlimpopoli, Predappio, Cesenatico,
Dimitrovgrad (BG), Iasi, Doboj, Castrocaro
Outgoing Members
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2014
EVENTS
Sign Invention
“Sign Invention” is an exhibition of objects created by young designers from all over Europe that could be sold as gadgets for the Atrium Cultural Route. The objects were selected upon a design contest and organised in collaboration with Romagna Creative District.
View the catalogue.Collateral Events:
- Training session “How to create an ATRIUM tourism Product”, with a focus on how to manage a cultural route, how to create an ATRIUM tourism product (participation of representatives from Labin, Croatia).
- Public meeting with stakeholders, entitled “Comparative European Cultural Routes: an opportunity for the economic Development”, with the participation of the Via Francigena, the European Route of Historic Thermal Towns, the Réseau Art Noveau, representatives of the European Institute of Cultural Routes (Council of Europe).
Totally Lost in Luxemburg
In occasion of the European Heritage Days 2014, a photographic exploration of the abandoned architectural heritage left by European totalitarian regimes of the 20th century “Totally Lost” is staged at the Fondation de l’Architecture in Luxemburg. Design and creation: Spazi Indecisi for ATRIUM.
The exhibition had already been set up in Forlì (Italy) at the former ATR bus depot with more than 1,000 visitors. Through photographs and videos, it narrates the architectural remains left by 20th-century dictatorial regimes in Europe and explores these architectural spaces as fragments to be reconnected within a network of new democratic meanings.
The Totally Lost project has collected 3,000 photographs and 60 videos, mapping buildungs of historical and architecural value, such as institutional buildings, places of propaganda and power, factories, mines, resorts, hospitals, monuments - neglected and abandoned places raising questions on their and our future.
View the digital mapping on the Totally Lost website.
ATRIUM’s certification as “Cultural Route of the Council of Europe”
In occasion of an event series from 5-7 December in Forlì, the Director of the Insitute of Cultural Routes confers ATRIUM the certification “Cultural Route of the Council of Europe” on 6 December 2014 (Atrium flyer).
The event represents a prestigious moment for the town of Forlì and the other Atrium members; thus, delegations from local and European towns join the ceremonyfrom various member towns, European and local cities are present at the ceremony, while organising initiatives in the member towns to promote the certification among the citizens.
Some of the highlights of the event series in Forlì:
- a guided tour with workshops entitled “Piccola storia di controllo dell’uomo sull’uomo” [Brief history of the man’s control over man] by La Casa del Cuculo
- the guided tour “Dai Campi e dale Cucine” [From fields and kitchen] about the local food system in Forlì between 1930 and 1945, involving places of food production and distribution, with food tastings (in collaboration with Slow Food)
- an Instawalk: guided tour of the former GIL building and digital photo contest (in collaboration with Instagramers Forlì-Cesena and the Invasioni Digitali association)
- the presentation of the project “Resistenza mAPPe” in collaboration with the network of the Emilia-Romagna Institutes of the History of Resistance
Some noteworthy initiatives in the surrounding member towns:- the presentation of the Ciclope, focusing on the reuse of the former Caproni airplane factory in Predappio
- the inauguration of the Padiglione delle Feste (Festival hall) of the thermal complex of Castrocaro Terme after its restoration
- the preparation of a dinner using exclusively products used in the 1930s (Istituto alberghiero Forlimpopoli, a secondary vocational school of catering and hospitality)
- guided tours of the AGIP holiday camp in Cesenatico as the thermal complex in Fratta Terme – Bertinoro
Other significant events of the year 2014
During the year 2014, the Association launched initiatives to promote the ATRIUM cultural route among institutuions, cultural corporations, organisations, tourism experts and a vast audience:
- Ljubljana (Slovenia), April: Atrium installed a stand to promote the Route in the context of the presentation of the South East Europe programme of the European Commission programme 2007- 2013.
- Atrium is presented in the radio programme “ALTRA EUROPA” on Radio24 (a broadcasting station of the Sole24ore newspaper).
- Weimar (Germany), June: UNI-WEIMAR publishes an article on Atrium entitled “Urbanism and Dictatorship – A European challenge”.
- The Swedish magazine “Arkitekten” publishes an article on the Atrium case studies of Labin and Predappio (issue 6-7 July/August 2014).
- Further articles on Atrium are published: one in the Emilia-Romagna Cultural Heritage Institute’s review and another in thee-review within the network of the Emilia-Romagna Institutes of the History of Resistance.
- At the national scientific meeting of SISTUR (Società Italiana di Scienze del Turismo) in Rimini, Atrium was dealt with as a case study.
- Within a cultural event in Forlì (Settimana del Buon Vivere – Week of well-being), bike and walking tours were organised to visit the Atrium sites and buildings.
Incoming Members
Sofia, Rasa, Thessaloniki
Outgoing Members
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2015
EVENTS
Renovation of architectural heritage in Labin and Raša (Croatia)
In 2015, two main studies are conducted:
- the research project “Adaption of the Mine’s Heritage of Labin” presented in both Labin and Zagreb
- a study of the facade renovation in Labin, including indications for the restoration as well as the use of colors and materials
Throughout the year, a number of initiatives have been promoted to present the citizens with the projects of renovation and reuse of the architectural heritage related to the mine:
Labin:
- Round table on the ATRIUM heritage:
For decades, starting from the fascist period, mining has been the main industry and source of life in the whole Labin area. Today, the memory of this past is kept in Podlabin, a planned settlement built for the needs of mining whose central part Pijacal is a protected industrial heritage complex. There is a mine shaft tower - the main entrance of the 150 m deep mine, Lamparna (lamp room) and the futuristic public library recently built within the mine complex. - Presentation of the study on the restoration of the mining area.
- Presentation of the project on the restoration of the bathroom's area.
- Project presentation of the steel tower.
Raša:
- Heating Plant Reconstruction: ATRIUM public presentation in Raša.
- Renovation of the Cinema: Project presentation Raša.

2nd edition of the Festival del ‘900
On the occasion of the inauguration of the former GIL building in Forli, which had been restored to host a museum of gymnastics, an important exhibition (attach POSTER Cesare Valle) on the work of architect Cesare Valle The is organised. The event is pat of the 2nd edition of the Festival del ‘900 (Festival of the 20th Century) offering diverse activities, such as debates, conferences, exhibitions, theatre plays, muscial performances and guided tours.
Among the initiatives:
- Theatre play “Orazione civile per un cantiere - Io ho visto” [Civil oration for a construction site - I’ve seen it] on the massacre of Sant'Anna di Stazzema, with Pamela Villoresi.
- Theatre play ”SPEER. Architettura e|è potere” [SPEER. Architecture and|is Power] by The'atro Association.
- Exhibition “Cantiere Restauro” [Restoration Yard] and the presentation of the manual “Linee Guide per il Restauro del Moderno” [Guidelines for the Restoration of Modern Architecture], also published in Croatian. (attach guidelines croatian)
- Presentation of the project “In loco - museo diffuso dell’abbandono in Romagna: itinerari Totally Lost” [In loco - open-air museum of abandoned architecture in Romagna: Totally Lost itineraries] by the association Spazi Indecisi.
- Guided tour “Orti di pace, orti di guerra” [Gardens of peace, gardens of war] in collaboration with Slow Food and Forlì sotto le bombe: la guerra, la fame.
- Debate “Urbanism and Dictatorship” with the participation of representatives from the Polytechnic University Berlin and the Bauhaus institute of Weimar.
- Creative workshop “Sei gradi di connessione” by Sei Gradi- Connessioni Culturali (online magazine).
Digital Invasion (Forlì, Italy)
Invasioni Digitali #InvasioniDigitali (#DigitalInvasions) is a bottom-up project based on the use of smartphones, tablets, tags and social networks. It encompasses the changing role of online users and the spread of social platforms. Diverse groups of people have decided to support Italian cultural institutions by “invading” them with cameras, smartphones and tablets to tell their personal stories through web and social media. In Forlì, one of the “invaded” spaces was the courtyard of the former GIL building with its fascinating mosaics.
Atrium on UNWTO Global Report

“Transnational urban memory for local development the ATRIUM”
The United Nations World Tourism Organisation publishes a special report (attach UNWTO global report) on Cultural Itineraries, analyzing them from multiple perspectives as a resource for a new type of experiential and slow tourism. ATRIUM has been identified and surveyed as an example of Good Practices for the local development of a tourist experience inolving the transnational urban memory.
Conference in Iasi, Romania
Organisation of a meeting with representatives of the Faculty of Architecture and conference presenting the ATRIUM Cultural Route to students from the secondary school of Iasi, Romania.
Exhibition on the mining town of Arsia
ARSIA CITTA’ MINERARIA: The exhibition “Arsia Città Mineraria” on the history of the mining town Arsia (today Raša, Croatia) from the foundation of the village. The exhibition is set up in Raša, Trieste, Sospirolo, and Forlì. The exhibition and its catalogue are the result of a joint research work carried out by experts of the Italian community of Labin (HR) and Italian experts from Trieste, highlighting the importance of the ethnic minority in the Istrian territory.
Other activities of the year 2015
- Preparation of material for the web pages of the tourist board of the Municipality of Raša, such as flyers and maps with translations in four foreign languages.
- Participation at the conference “Architecture as Propaganda in Twentieth-Century totalitarian Regimes – History and Heritage” organised by the Swedish Institute of Classic Studies in Rome.
- Participation at the conference “Terragni's Legacy. Rationalist heritage: studies and archives” organised by MAARC.
- 900 Fest, European Festival on History of the 20th century, focusing on the topic: “Donne nei totalitarismi” [women and totalitarian regimes].
- Support to Twinning Agreement between Morgagni secondary school in Forlì and the bilingual secondary school ’28 Nentori’ in Skhoder (Albania).
- Preliminary research for the developmente of the restoration project of the former Casa del Fascio (former Fascist party building) in Predappio (Italy).
Incoming Members
Tresigallo
Outgoing Members
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2016
EVENTS
Fare Faro a Forlì: participatory heritage-making
“Fare Faro a Forlì” was the start-up event for the Municipality of Forlì in the process of adhering to the Faro Convention. The program is devoted to activities focusing on ATRIUM heritage and the Faro Days.
The Faro Convention encourages the role of civil society and communities to participate in the identification and enhancement of cultural heritage, which is the basis for building individual and collective identities of places. It thus encourages people-centred, and sustainable approaches to cultural heritage, and promotes innovative models of participatory heritage-making.
Against this background, Forli promotes the creation of Heritage Communities, encouring the participation of individuals and associations to promote places associated to the 20th century. For this reason, the process of adhering to the Faro Convention in Forlì is closely connected with the work carried out by the ATRIUM Cultural Route. In fact, the cultural route studies and promotes knowledge on the architectural heritage left by 20th-century dictatorial regimes in Europe as well as the historical and social events that characterized those periods. The reinterpretation of the architectural heritage and intangible legacy of fascism are historically and socially contextualized, while any revisionism is rejected.
New Atrium itineraries installed

In various member towns of the Atrium Cultural Route, signs with QR codes have been designed and installed to give access to new ATRIUM itineraries: in Labin and Rasa in Croatia as well as in Forlì and Predappio in Italy. Moreover, in the town of Labin, a specific training for tourist guides has been organised.
Totally Lost: What’s left of the architecture of the totalitarian regimes in Europe?
Widespread multimedia exhibition “Totally Lost 2016” on abandoned architecture left by totalitarian regimes’ of the 20th century in Europe. The event involves a series of collateral activities, such as film screenings, biking tours, birdwatching, live music, camping and stargazing). The exhibition is the result of a second photo/movies contest carried out by the Spazi Indecisi Association with the support and collaboration of the ATRIUM Cultural Route. All events take place in ATRIUM sites in the surroundings of Forlì.
Visit the Totally Lost web sitePromotional events in various Atrium sites
- Summer in Lastovo-Uble (Croatia): Reopening of the openair cinema “Kino Mediterranean Lastovo” after the last screening in 1990, and workshops for young artists and curators working on visual arts about Uble.
- “Names of the ‘90s” (attachment encl 121) – an exhibition presenting art pieces of the most famous artists of the 1990s in the city art gallery of Dimitrovgrad (Bulgaria) with a presentation from the art specialist Diana Popova “When the boundaries were put”, focusing the most memorable events in the art sector in those years.
- “La gran nave di pietra rossa”: photgraphic exhibition on the period that the famous painter Giorgio de Chirico spent in Ferrara and Tresigallo; location: restored rationalist building “Sogni” [Dreams] in Tresigallo (Italy).
- “Labor Omnia Vincit. Portraits of life and work from the photographic archive of SNIA Viscosa” – the photographic exhibition presents an exceptional historic, artistic and socio-anthropological heritage, focusing the unusual history of the town-factory as well as Torviscosa’s autarkic origins.
- Festa dell’Architettura (attachment House of Crippled) [Festival of Architecture] in Forlì (Italy): in collaboration with the Ordine degli Architetti Forlì-Cesena [Association of Architects of the province], an important research study on the former Casa del Mutilato is presented at the University of Ferrara.
Other significant activities of the year 2016:
- “Beyond the Great Beauty”: guided tour of the ATRIUM heritage by international tourist experts of the Centre of Advanced Studies of Tourism (University of Bologna, Campus Rimini).
- KOVA project: Scientific conference and public presentation of the KOVA project for the restoration of the mining galleries to be reused as an underground museum (Labin, Croatia).
- Conference at the University of Sofia, where the team of ATRIUM Dimitrovgrad presented the ATRIUM Cultural Route.
PROJECTS
Steel tower of Pijacal
In 2016, the project of a new elevator within the steel tower of Pijacal mining complex in Labin (Croatia) is implemented. Moreover, an architectural exhibition in the Biennale of industrial art on Pijacal is organised, while the project is presented to students from the Faculty of Architecture of Zagreb.

UrbanHist – Urbanism, architecture and building of national identity

Objectives: UrbanHist is a multidisciplinary research and training program aiming to develop and sustainably promote a joint understanding of the history of urban planning in the 20th century from a European perspective. 15 early-stage researchers will work in 8 thematic fields on the development and sustainable promotion of a joint understanding of 20th century European urbanism. They will be embedded into a network of high-profile academics and practitioners. The project is financed by HORIZON 2020 - Innovative Training Networks European Joint Doctorates in the period 2016-2020.
Project Partners: Bauhaus Institute of Weimar (D), Tekniska Högskola of Karlskrona (S), J. Šafárik University of Košice (SK), University of Valladolid (E), as partner. Moreover ATRIUM (I) and 11 other as associated.
Incoming Members
Lastovo-Uble
Outgoing Members
Thessaloniki, Doboj
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